A Review: Role of Silkworm (Tubifex Tubifex Müller, 1774) as Bioremediator in Freshwater Ecosystem

Andri Kurniawan; Sudirman Adibrata; Rahmad Lingga; Jhodi Setiadi; Ufi A. Wulandari; Reysya S.N. Hidayah

doi:10.22452/mjs.vol45no1.9

Authors

Andri Kurniawan Department of Biology, Bangka Belitung University, Bangka, INDONESIA. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-4739
Sudirman Adibrata Department of Biology, Bangka Belitung University, Bangka, INDONESIA.
Rahmad Lingga Department of Biology, Bangka Belitung University, Bangka, INDONESIA. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2787-3819
Jhodi Setiadi Department of Biology, Bangka Belitung University, Bangka, INDONESIA.
Ufi A. Wulandari Department of Biology, Bangka Belitung University, Bangka, INDONESIA. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4289-7900
Reysya S.N. Hidayah Department of Biology, Bangka Belitung University, Bangka, INDONESIA.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22452/mjs.vol45no1.9

Keywords:

Biology, Bioremediator, Metabolic Compound, Role, Tubifex.

Abstract

Tubifex tubifex Müller, 1774 is an oligochaete that is extensively dispersed, in particular in freshwater ecosystem and plays an important role in the ecosystem. It is one of natural or live feed for aquatic organism in the nature or cultivation media. Furthermore, T. tubifex could be a reasonable living being for the inquire about of the organic impact of different contaminations due to its capacity to decompose matter as well as accumulate the metals or chemical pollutants. This review aimed to elaborate the information about the biology of T. tubifex and its role, focused on its ability as decomposer in freshwater ecosystem. In the arrangement of this paper, many relevant scientific articles were cited. This paper examined the biology of T. tubifex (i.e., morphology, chaetae, segmentation, respiratory, reproduction, and habitat of Tubifex) and also the role of Tubifex as bioremediator. This review informed that Tubifex has reddish color due to the presence of erythrocruorin. As a group of clitellates, Tubifex has clitellum at segments X, XI, and XII. Furthermore, as a group of oligochaetes, it has chaetae that play important role for burrowing, hooking to the substrate, swimming, crawling, and bioturbating. Tubificidae have capability of autotomization (autotomy) and regeneration of its missing body part. T. tubifex spends its whole life cycle within the substrate with head down within the substrate, whereas part of its posterior may extend over the water column-substrate interface. T. tubifex develop a mixed reproductive strategy, a self-fertilization or parthenogenesis (pseudogamy), and hermaphrodite. Tubifex is a meiobenthic species of aquatic worm and an important key for organic matter decomposition, heavy metal or chemical substances reduction and detoxification. It can do vermicomposting to organic matter and also accumulate chemical substances by its metabolic compound like superoxide dismutase enzyme, catalase enzyme, carboxylesterase enzyme, glutathione-S-transferase enzyme, and metallothionein enzyme.

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