PEMIKIRAN IMAM TAQI AL-DIN AL-SUBKI (683/1284-756/1355) BERKAITAN KRITERIA KENAMPAKAN ANAK BULAN
Imam Taqī al-Dīn al-Subkī (683/1284-756/1355) on Criteria for Lunar Crescent’s Visibility Issues
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22452/js.vol28no1.1Keywords:
al-SubkÄ«, crescents visibility, imkÄn al-rukyahAbstract
Taqī al-Dīn al-Subkī (d. 756/1355) has been unreservedly credited as one of the scholars in the fiqh and usul al-fiqh. His most important scholarly work Adillah fī Ithbāt al-Ahillah, clearly demonstrates his sholarship in the sciences of lunar crescent’s visibility. It will then explore how his positions corresponds or are relevant to lunar crescent visibility criteria issues in the contemporary ages. This article concludes that al-Subkī views on those isues are still relevant to the some current issues related to lunar crescent’s visibility criteria.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Abī Bakr, al-Dibāj ‘ala Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim al-Ḥajjāj, vol. 3 (Riyāḍ: Dār Ibn ‘Affān li Nashr wa al-Tawzī‘, 1995).
‘Alī Bashā Mubārak, al-Khatat al-Tawfūqiyyah al-Jadīdah li Miṣr al-Qāhirah (Qāhirah: Maṭbā‘ah Dār al-Kutub wa al-Wathā’iq al-Qawmiyyah, 2001).
Al-‘Aynī, Badr al-Dīn Abī Muḥammad Maḥmūd bin Aḥmad, ‘Umdah al-Qārī Sharḥ Saḥīḥ al-Bukhārī (Bayrūt: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2001).
‘Imād ‘Abd ‘Azīz Mujahid, Dalīl al-Muslim al-Falakī (‘Ammān: Dār Hunayn, 1994).
Abī ‘Abd Allāh Muḥammad Ibn Ismā‘il al-Bukhārī al-Ju‘fī, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī (Dimashq: Dār al-Ṭūq al-Najāḥ, 2001).
Abī ‘Abd Allāh Muḥammad Ibn Ismā‘il al-Bukhārī al-Ju‘fī, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī (Qāhirah: al-Maṭba‘ah al-Salāfiyyah, 2001).
Abī al-Ṭayyib Muḥammad Shams al-Dīn al-Ḥaq al-‘Aẓīm Abadī, Sharḥ Sunan Abī Dāwud (Madīnah: al-Maktabah al-Salafiyyah, 1967).
Abū al-Ḥasan ‘Alī bin Khalf bin ‘Abd al-Mālik bin Baṭṭal al-Kubrā al-Qurṭubī, Sharḥ Saḥīḥ al-Bukhārī (Riyāḍ: Maktabah al-Rushd, 2003).
Abū al-Ḥasan Taqī al-Dīn ‘Alī ‘Abd al-Kāfī al-Subkī, Fatawā al-Subkī (Qāhirah: Dār al-Ma‘ārif, t.t.).
Abū al-Ḥusayn Muslim al-Ḥajjāj, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim (Bayrūt: Dār Ihyā’ Turāth al-‘Arabī, t.t.).
Aḥmad Ibn ‘Alī Ibn Ḥajar al-‘Asqalānī, Fatḥ al-Bārī (Riyāḍ: Maktabah al-Mālik Fahd al-Waṭāniyyah, 2001).
Aḥmad Muḥammad Shakīr, Awā’il al-Shuhūr al-‘Arabiyyah: Hal Yajūz Shar‘an Ithbātuha bi al-Ḥisāb al-Falakī? (Qāhirah: Maktabah Ibn Taymiyyah, 1937).
Al-Anṣārī, Zakariyā bin Muḥammad bin Aḥmad bin Zakariyā, Fatḥ al-Wahhāb bi Sharḥ Manhāj al-Ṭullāb: Sharḥ li al-Mu’allif ‘alā Kitābuh Huwa Manhāj al-Ṭullāb Alladhī Ikhtasarahu al-Mu’allif min Minhāj al-Tālibīn li al-Nawawī (Bayrut: Dār al-Fikr li al-Tibā ‘ah wa al-Nashr, 1994).
Al-Anṣārī, Zakariyā bin Muḥammad bin Aḥmad bin Zakariyā, Manhāj al-Ṭullāb fī Fiqh al-Imām al-Shāfi‘ī Radī Allāh ‘anh (Bayrūt: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1997).
Al-Bujayramī, al-Tajrīd li Naf‘ al-‘Abīd: Hāshiyah al-Bujayramī ‘ala Sharḥ al-Manhāj (Bayrūt: Maṭba‘ah al-Ḥalābī, 1950).
Danjon, André-Louis, ‘Jeunes et Vieilles Lunes’, l’Astronomie: Bulletin De La Société Astronomique De France, vol. 46 (1932): 57-66.
Al-Dhahabī, al-A‘lām bi Wāfiyyat al-A‘lām, ed. Mustafā bin ‘Alī bin ‘Iwād dan Rabī‘ Abū Bakr ‘Abd al-Baqī (Bayrūt: t.p., 1993).
Al-Dimyatī, Abū Bakr bin Muḥammad Shatā, I‘ānah al-Ṭālibīn ‘ala Hill Alfāẓ Fatḥ al-Mu‘ayyin (Bayrūt: Dār al-Fikr li al-Tibā‘ah wa al-Nashr wa al-Tawzī‘, 1997).
Fakhar M. et al., ‘Lunar Crescent Detection Based On Image Processing Algorithms’, Earth, Moon and Planets, vol. 114, no. 1-2 (2014): 17-34.
Fatoohi, Louay J., Stephenson, F. Richard & Al-Dargazelli, Shetha S., ‘The Babylonian First Visibility of the Lunar Crescent: Data and Criterion,’ Journal for the History of Astronomy, vol. 30 (1999): 51-72.
Fatoohi, Louay J., Stephenson, Francis Richard & Al-Dargazelli, Shetha S., ‘The Danjon Limit of First Visibility of the Lunar Crescent’, The Observatory, vol. 118 (1998): 65-72.
Fotheringham, John Knight, ‘On the Smallest Visible Phase of the Moon,’ Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 70 (1910): 527-531.
Al-Ghamrawī, al-‘Allamah Muḥammad al-Zuhrī, al-Sirrāj al-Wahhāj ‘ala Matn al-Minhāj (Bayrūt: Dār al-Ma‘rifah li al-Tibā‘ah wa al-Nashr, t.t.).
Guessoum, Nidal & Meziane, K., ‘Visibility of the Thin Lunar Crescent: The Sociology of An Astronomical Problem (A Case Study)’, Journal of Astronomical History & Heritage, vol. 4 (2001): 1-14.
Hafez, Yaser A., Trojan, Lorenzo, Albaqami, Fahad H., Almutairi, Abdulmajeed, Z., Davies, Rodney D., Dickinson, Clive & Piccirillo, Lucio, ‘A Radio Determination of the Time of the New Moon’, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 439 (2014): 2271-2280.
Hanapi, Mohd Shukri & Shahir Akram Hassan, ‘Basis for Using the Rukyah Method for Determining the Arrival of Ramadan and Syawal in Brunei Darussalam,’ Journal of Islamic Studies, vol. 3, no. 2 (2015): 13-22.
Hasanzadeh, Amir, ‘Study of Danjon Limit in Moon Crescent Sighting’, Astrophysics and Space Science, vol. 339 (2012): 211-221.
Ibn Kathīr, Abū al-Fidā’ Ismā ‘īl bin ‘Umar bin Kathīr al-Qurayshī al-Basrī al-Dimashqī, al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah, vol. 14 (Qāhirah: Dār Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-‘Arabī, 2001).
Al-Juwaynī, ‘Abd al-Mālik bin ‘Abd Allāh bin Yūsuf bin Muḥammad, Nihāyah al-Maṭlab fī Dirāyah al-Madhhāb (Bayrūt: Dār al-Minhāj, 2007).
King D.A., ‘Astronomy in the Service of Islam,’ in Handbook of Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy, ed. Ruggles C. (New York: Springer, 2015).
King, David A., ‘Ibn Yūnus on Lunar Crescent Visibility’, Journal for the History of Astronomy, vol. 19 (1988): 155-168.
Kordi, Ayman S., ‘The Psychological Effect on Sightings of The New Moon’, The Observatory, vol. 123 (2003): 219-222.
Maunder, Edward Walter, ‘On The Smallest Visible Phase of The Moon’, Journal of The British Astronomy Association, no. 21, 356-360.
McNally, D., ‘The Length of the Lunar Crescent’, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 24 (1983): 417-429.
Mohammad Ilyas, ‘Limiting Altitude Separation in the New Moon’s First Visibility Criterion’, Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 206 (1988): 133-135.
Mohammad Ilyas, ‘Lunar Crescent Visibility Criterion and Islamic Calendar’, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 35 (1994): 425-461.
Mohammad Ilyas, ‘The Danjon Limit of Lunar Visibility: A Re-Examination’, The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, vol. 77 (1983): 214-219.
Mohammad Ilyas, Sistem Kalendar Islam dari Perspektif Astronomi (Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1999).
Mohammad Odeh, ‘Accurate Times’, International Astronomical Center (IAC), http://www.icoproject.org/accut .html?l=en, dicapai pada 3 April 2019.
Mohd Saiful Anwar Mohd Nawawi, Saadan Man, Mohd Zambri Zainuddin, Raihana Abdul Wahab, and Nurulhuda Ahmad Zaki, ‘Sejarah Kriteria Kenampakan Anak Bulan di Malaysia’, Journal of al-Tamaddun, vol. 10, no. 2 (2015): 61-75.
Moosa, Ebrahim, ‘Shaykh Ahmad Shākir and the Adoption of A Scientifically Based Lunar Calendar’, Islamic Law and Society, no. 5 (1998): 57-89.
Muḥammad Shawkah ‘Awdah, ‘al-Farq Bayn al-Hilāl wa Tawallad al-Hilal’, Makalah Islamic Cescent’s Observation Project (ICOP), dicapai pada 2 April 2019.
Muḥy al-Dīn Abū Zakariyyā bin Yahyā Sharf al-Nawawī, Minhāj Sharḥ Muslim al-Ḥajjāj (Qāhirah: Matba‘ah Miṣriyyah, 1980).
Mujahid Ma’mun Diraniyyah, al-Fatawā ‘Alī al-Ṭanṭawī (Jeddah: Dār al-Manārah, 1986).
Muslim bin al-Ḥajjāj Abu al-Hasan al-Qushayri al-Naysaburi, al-Musnad al-Sahih al-Mukhtassar bi Naql al-‘Adl ‘an al-‘Adl ila Rasulullah s.a.w. (Bayrūt: Dār Ihyā’ Turāth al-‘Arabī, t.t.).
Al-Nahar, ‘Umar Muḥammad, ‘Asr al-Mamālik al-Bahriyyah Dirāsah Fikriyyah (Dimashq: Dār al-Nahḍah li al-Tibā‘ah wa al-Nashr wa al-Tawzī‘, 2017).
Nishtaman Bashīr Muḥammad, ‘Al-Shaykh Taqī al-Dīn al-Subkī: Dirāsah ‘An Duwarih fī al-Ḥayah al-Fikriyyah wa al-Qaḍā’iyyah’, Humanities Journal of University of Zakho, vol. 5, no. 3 (2017): 676-685.
Nūr al-Dīn bin ‘Abd al-Hādī Abū al-Ḥasan al-Sindī, Hāshiyah al-Sindī ‘ala al-Nasā’ī (Ḥalab: Maktabah al-Maṭba‘ah al-Islāmiyyah, 1986).
Odeh, Mohammad Shaukat, ‘New Criterion for Lunar Crescent Visibility’, Experimental Astronomy, vol. 18 (2004): 39-64.
Al-Qastalānī, Aḥmad bin Muḥammad, Irshād al-Sārī Sharḥ Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī (Qāhirah: Dār al-Ṭabā‘ah Maqsriyyah, 1980).
Al-Qaylubī, Aḥmad Salamah dan Barlasī, Aḥmad Amīrah, Hashīta Qaylubī wa ‘Amīrah (Bayrut: Dār al-Fikr, 1995).
Al-Ṣafdī, A‘yān al-‘Asr wa A‘wān al-Naṣr, ed. ‘Alī Abū Zayd et al. (Dimashq: t.p.,1998).
Schaefer, Bradley E., ‘Lunar Crescent Visibility’, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 37 (1996): 759-768.
Schaefer, Bradley E., ‘Visibility of the Lunar Crescent’, Quarterly Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 29 (1988): 511-523.
Al-Shāfi‘ī, Abū ‘Abd Allāh Muḥammad bin Idrīs bin al-‘Abbās bin ‘Uthmān bin Shāfi‘ī bin ‘Abd al-Muṭallib bin ‘Abd Manaf al-Muṭallib al-Qurayshī al-Makī, al-‘Umm (Bayrūt: Dār al-Ma‘rifah, 1990).
Al-Sharbinī, Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad bin Aḥmad al-Khāṭib, al-Iqnā‘ fī Hill Alfāẓ Abī Shujā‘ (Bayrūt: Dār al-Fikr, t.t.).
Al-Sharbinī, Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad bin Aḥmad al-Khāṭib, Mughnī al-Muḥtāj Ila Ma‘rifah ma‘ānī Alfāẓ al-Minhāj (Bayrūt: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1994).
Sharf Qudah, ‘Thubūt al-Shahr al-Qamarī Bayna al-Ḥadīth al-Nabawī wa ‘Ilm al-Ḥadīth,’ Majallah al-Dirāsah Jāmi‘ah Urdūn, vol. 26, no. 2 (1999): 6-10.
Sinar Harian, ‘Brunei mula berpuasa Selasa,’ https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/ 26703/GLOBAL/Brunei-mula-berpuasa-Selasa, dicapai pada 8 Mei 2019.
Al-Subkī, Tāj al-Dīn ‘Abd al-Wahhāb bin Taqī al-Dīn al-Subkī, Ṭabaqāt al-Shāfi‘iyyah al-Kubrā, ed. Maḥmūd Muḥammad al-Thanahī dan ‘Abd al-Fattāh Muḥammad
al-Halwī (Qāhirah: Ḥijr li al-Ṭibā‘ah wa al-Nashr wa al-Tawzī‘, 1976).
Al-Subkī, Taqī al-Dīn ‘Alī bin ‘Abd al-Kāfī, Adillah fī Ithbāt al-Ahillah, ed. Samīrah Dāwud al-‘Ānī (Bayrūt: Dār al-Fatḥ li al-Dirāsat wa al-Nashr, 2013).
Sultan, Abdul Haq, ‘First Visibility of the Lunar Crescent: Beyond Danjon’s Limit’, The Observatory, vol. 127 (2007): 53-59.
Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī, Fiqh al-Siyām (Qāhirah: Maktabah al-Wahbah, t.t.).
Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī, Kayf Nata‘amal ma‘a al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyyah (Qāhirah: Dār al-Shuruq, 2005).
‘Alī Bashā Mubārak, al-Khatat al-Tawfūqiyyah al-Jadīdah li Miṣr al-Qāhirah (Qāhirah: Maṭbā‘ah Dār al-Kutub wa al-Wathā’iq al-Qawmiyyah, 2001).
Al-‘Aynī, Badr al-Dīn Abī Muḥammad Maḥmūd bin Aḥmad, ‘Umdah al-Qārī Sharḥ Saḥīḥ al-Bukhārī (Bayrūt: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2001).
‘Imād ‘Abd ‘Azīz Mujahid, Dalīl al-Muslim al-Falakī (‘Ammān: Dār Hunayn, 1994).
Abī ‘Abd Allāh Muḥammad Ibn Ismā‘il al-Bukhārī al-Ju‘fī, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī (Dimashq: Dār al-Ṭūq al-Najāḥ, 2001).
Abī ‘Abd Allāh Muḥammad Ibn Ismā‘il al-Bukhārī al-Ju‘fī, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī (Qāhirah: al-Maṭba‘ah al-Salāfiyyah, 2001).
Abī al-Ṭayyib Muḥammad Shams al-Dīn al-Ḥaq al-‘Aẓīm Abadī, Sharḥ Sunan Abī Dāwud (Madīnah: al-Maktabah al-Salafiyyah, 1967).
Abū al-Ḥasan ‘Alī bin Khalf bin ‘Abd al-Mālik bin Baṭṭal al-Kubrā al-Qurṭubī, Sharḥ Saḥīḥ al-Bukhārī (Riyāḍ: Maktabah al-Rushd, 2003).
Abū al-Ḥasan Taqī al-Dīn ‘Alī ‘Abd al-Kāfī al-Subkī, Fatawā al-Subkī (Qāhirah: Dār al-Ma‘ārif, t.t.).
Abū al-Ḥusayn Muslim al-Ḥajjāj, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim (Bayrūt: Dār Ihyā’ Turāth al-‘Arabī, t.t.).
Aḥmad Ibn ‘Alī Ibn Ḥajar al-‘Asqalānī, Fatḥ al-Bārī (Riyāḍ: Maktabah al-Mālik Fahd al-Waṭāniyyah, 2001).
Aḥmad Muḥammad Shakīr, Awā’il al-Shuhūr al-‘Arabiyyah: Hal Yajūz Shar‘an Ithbātuha bi al-Ḥisāb al-Falakī? (Qāhirah: Maktabah Ibn Taymiyyah, 1937).
Al-Anṣārī, Zakariyā bin Muḥammad bin Aḥmad bin Zakariyā, Fatḥ al-Wahhāb bi Sharḥ Manhāj al-Ṭullāb: Sharḥ li al-Mu’allif ‘alā Kitābuh Huwa Manhāj al-Ṭullāb Alladhī Ikhtasarahu al-Mu’allif min Minhāj al-Tālibīn li al-Nawawī (Bayrut: Dār al-Fikr li al-Tibā ‘ah wa al-Nashr, 1994).
Al-Anṣārī, Zakariyā bin Muḥammad bin Aḥmad bin Zakariyā, Manhāj al-Ṭullāb fī Fiqh al-Imām al-Shāfi‘ī Radī Allāh ‘anh (Bayrūt: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1997).
Al-Bujayramī, al-Tajrīd li Naf‘ al-‘Abīd: Hāshiyah al-Bujayramī ‘ala Sharḥ al-Manhāj (Bayrūt: Maṭba‘ah al-Ḥalābī, 1950).
Danjon, André-Louis, ‘Jeunes et Vieilles Lunes’, l’Astronomie: Bulletin De La Société Astronomique De France, vol. 46 (1932): 57-66.
Al-Dhahabī, al-A‘lām bi Wāfiyyat al-A‘lām, ed. Mustafā bin ‘Alī bin ‘Iwād dan Rabī‘ Abū Bakr ‘Abd al-Baqī (Bayrūt: t.p., 1993).
Al-Dimyatī, Abū Bakr bin Muḥammad Shatā, I‘ānah al-Ṭālibīn ‘ala Hill Alfāẓ Fatḥ al-Mu‘ayyin (Bayrūt: Dār al-Fikr li al-Tibā‘ah wa al-Nashr wa al-Tawzī‘, 1997).
Fakhar M. et al., ‘Lunar Crescent Detection Based On Image Processing Algorithms’, Earth, Moon and Planets, vol. 114, no. 1-2 (2014): 17-34.
Fatoohi, Louay J., Stephenson, F. Richard & Al-Dargazelli, Shetha S., ‘The Babylonian First Visibility of the Lunar Crescent: Data and Criterion,’ Journal for the History of Astronomy, vol. 30 (1999): 51-72.
Fatoohi, Louay J., Stephenson, Francis Richard & Al-Dargazelli, Shetha S., ‘The Danjon Limit of First Visibility of the Lunar Crescent’, The Observatory, vol. 118 (1998): 65-72.
Fotheringham, John Knight, ‘On the Smallest Visible Phase of the Moon,’ Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 70 (1910): 527-531.
Al-Ghamrawī, al-‘Allamah Muḥammad al-Zuhrī, al-Sirrāj al-Wahhāj ‘ala Matn al-Minhāj (Bayrūt: Dār al-Ma‘rifah li al-Tibā‘ah wa al-Nashr, t.t.).
Guessoum, Nidal & Meziane, K., ‘Visibility of the Thin Lunar Crescent: The Sociology of An Astronomical Problem (A Case Study)’, Journal of Astronomical History & Heritage, vol. 4 (2001): 1-14.
Hafez, Yaser A., Trojan, Lorenzo, Albaqami, Fahad H., Almutairi, Abdulmajeed, Z., Davies, Rodney D., Dickinson, Clive & Piccirillo, Lucio, ‘A Radio Determination of the Time of the New Moon’, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 439 (2014): 2271-2280.
Hanapi, Mohd Shukri & Shahir Akram Hassan, ‘Basis for Using the Rukyah Method for Determining the Arrival of Ramadan and Syawal in Brunei Darussalam,’ Journal of Islamic Studies, vol. 3, no. 2 (2015): 13-22.
Hasanzadeh, Amir, ‘Study of Danjon Limit in Moon Crescent Sighting’, Astrophysics and Space Science, vol. 339 (2012): 211-221.
Ibn Kathīr, Abū al-Fidā’ Ismā ‘īl bin ‘Umar bin Kathīr al-Qurayshī al-Basrī al-Dimashqī, al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah, vol. 14 (Qāhirah: Dār Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-‘Arabī, 2001).
Al-Juwaynī, ‘Abd al-Mālik bin ‘Abd Allāh bin Yūsuf bin Muḥammad, Nihāyah al-Maṭlab fī Dirāyah al-Madhhāb (Bayrūt: Dār al-Minhāj, 2007).
King D.A., ‘Astronomy in the Service of Islam,’ in Handbook of Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy, ed. Ruggles C. (New York: Springer, 2015).
King, David A., ‘Ibn Yūnus on Lunar Crescent Visibility’, Journal for the History of Astronomy, vol. 19 (1988): 155-168.
Kordi, Ayman S., ‘The Psychological Effect on Sightings of The New Moon’, The Observatory, vol. 123 (2003): 219-222.
Maunder, Edward Walter, ‘On The Smallest Visible Phase of The Moon’, Journal of The British Astronomy Association, no. 21, 356-360.
McNally, D., ‘The Length of the Lunar Crescent’, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 24 (1983): 417-429.
Mohammad Ilyas, ‘Limiting Altitude Separation in the New Moon’s First Visibility Criterion’, Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 206 (1988): 133-135.
Mohammad Ilyas, ‘Lunar Crescent Visibility Criterion and Islamic Calendar’, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 35 (1994): 425-461.
Mohammad Ilyas, ‘The Danjon Limit of Lunar Visibility: A Re-Examination’, The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, vol. 77 (1983): 214-219.
Mohammad Ilyas, Sistem Kalendar Islam dari Perspektif Astronomi (Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1999).
Mohammad Odeh, ‘Accurate Times’, International Astronomical Center (IAC), http://www.icoproject.org/accut .html?l=en, dicapai pada 3 April 2019.
Mohd Saiful Anwar Mohd Nawawi, Saadan Man, Mohd Zambri Zainuddin, Raihana Abdul Wahab, and Nurulhuda Ahmad Zaki, ‘Sejarah Kriteria Kenampakan Anak Bulan di Malaysia’, Journal of al-Tamaddun, vol. 10, no. 2 (2015): 61-75.
Moosa, Ebrahim, ‘Shaykh Ahmad Shākir and the Adoption of A Scientifically Based Lunar Calendar’, Islamic Law and Society, no. 5 (1998): 57-89.
Muḥammad Shawkah ‘Awdah, ‘al-Farq Bayn al-Hilāl wa Tawallad al-Hilal’, Makalah Islamic Cescent’s Observation Project (ICOP), dicapai pada 2 April 2019.
Muḥy al-Dīn Abū Zakariyyā bin Yahyā Sharf al-Nawawī, Minhāj Sharḥ Muslim al-Ḥajjāj (Qāhirah: Matba‘ah Miṣriyyah, 1980).
Mujahid Ma’mun Diraniyyah, al-Fatawā ‘Alī al-Ṭanṭawī (Jeddah: Dār al-Manārah, 1986).
Muslim bin al-Ḥajjāj Abu al-Hasan al-Qushayri al-Naysaburi, al-Musnad al-Sahih al-Mukhtassar bi Naql al-‘Adl ‘an al-‘Adl ila Rasulullah s.a.w. (Bayrūt: Dār Ihyā’ Turāth al-‘Arabī, t.t.).
Al-Nahar, ‘Umar Muḥammad, ‘Asr al-Mamālik al-Bahriyyah Dirāsah Fikriyyah (Dimashq: Dār al-Nahḍah li al-Tibā‘ah wa al-Nashr wa al-Tawzī‘, 2017).
Nishtaman Bashīr Muḥammad, ‘Al-Shaykh Taqī al-Dīn al-Subkī: Dirāsah ‘An Duwarih fī al-Ḥayah al-Fikriyyah wa al-Qaḍā’iyyah’, Humanities Journal of University of Zakho, vol. 5, no. 3 (2017): 676-685.
Nūr al-Dīn bin ‘Abd al-Hādī Abū al-Ḥasan al-Sindī, Hāshiyah al-Sindī ‘ala al-Nasā’ī (Ḥalab: Maktabah al-Maṭba‘ah al-Islāmiyyah, 1986).
Odeh, Mohammad Shaukat, ‘New Criterion for Lunar Crescent Visibility’, Experimental Astronomy, vol. 18 (2004): 39-64.
Al-Qastalānī, Aḥmad bin Muḥammad, Irshād al-Sārī Sharḥ Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī (Qāhirah: Dār al-Ṭabā‘ah Maqsriyyah, 1980).
Al-Qaylubī, Aḥmad Salamah dan Barlasī, Aḥmad Amīrah, Hashīta Qaylubī wa ‘Amīrah (Bayrut: Dār al-Fikr, 1995).
Al-Ṣafdī, A‘yān al-‘Asr wa A‘wān al-Naṣr, ed. ‘Alī Abū Zayd et al. (Dimashq: t.p.,1998).
Schaefer, Bradley E., ‘Lunar Crescent Visibility’, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 37 (1996): 759-768.
Schaefer, Bradley E., ‘Visibility of the Lunar Crescent’, Quarterly Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 29 (1988): 511-523.
Al-Shāfi‘ī, Abū ‘Abd Allāh Muḥammad bin Idrīs bin al-‘Abbās bin ‘Uthmān bin Shāfi‘ī bin ‘Abd al-Muṭallib bin ‘Abd Manaf al-Muṭallib al-Qurayshī al-Makī, al-‘Umm (Bayrūt: Dār al-Ma‘rifah, 1990).
Al-Sharbinī, Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad bin Aḥmad al-Khāṭib, al-Iqnā‘ fī Hill Alfāẓ Abī Shujā‘ (Bayrūt: Dār al-Fikr, t.t.).
Al-Sharbinī, Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad bin Aḥmad al-Khāṭib, Mughnī al-Muḥtāj Ila Ma‘rifah ma‘ānī Alfāẓ al-Minhāj (Bayrūt: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1994).
Sharf Qudah, ‘Thubūt al-Shahr al-Qamarī Bayna al-Ḥadīth al-Nabawī wa ‘Ilm al-Ḥadīth,’ Majallah al-Dirāsah Jāmi‘ah Urdūn, vol. 26, no. 2 (1999): 6-10.
Sinar Harian, ‘Brunei mula berpuasa Selasa,’ https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/ 26703/GLOBAL/Brunei-mula-berpuasa-Selasa, dicapai pada 8 Mei 2019.
Al-Subkī, Tāj al-Dīn ‘Abd al-Wahhāb bin Taqī al-Dīn al-Subkī, Ṭabaqāt al-Shāfi‘iyyah al-Kubrā, ed. Maḥmūd Muḥammad al-Thanahī dan ‘Abd al-Fattāh Muḥammad
al-Halwī (Qāhirah: Ḥijr li al-Ṭibā‘ah wa al-Nashr wa al-Tawzī‘, 1976).
Al-Subkī, Taqī al-Dīn ‘Alī bin ‘Abd al-Kāfī, Adillah fī Ithbāt al-Ahillah, ed. Samīrah Dāwud al-‘Ānī (Bayrūt: Dār al-Fatḥ li al-Dirāsat wa al-Nashr, 2013).
Sultan, Abdul Haq, ‘First Visibility of the Lunar Crescent: Beyond Danjon’s Limit’, The Observatory, vol. 127 (2007): 53-59.
Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī, Fiqh al-Siyām (Qāhirah: Maktabah al-Wahbah, t.t.).
Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī, Kayf Nata‘amal ma‘a al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyyah (Qāhirah: Dār al-Shuruq, 2005).
Downloads
Published
2020-04-30
How to Cite
Mohd Nawawi, M. S. A., Wahid, K., Man, S., Ahmad, N., & Abdul Niri, M. (2020). PEMIKIRAN IMAM TAQI AL-DIN AL-SUBKI (683/1284-756/1355) BERKAITAN KRITERIA KENAMPAKAN ANAK BULAN: Imam Taqī al-Dīn al-Subkī (683/1284-756/1355) on Criteria for Lunar Crescent’s Visibility Issues. Jurnal Syariah, 28(1), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.22452/js.vol28no1.1
Issue
Section
Articles
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
COPYRIGHT: All rights reserved. Not allowed to be reproduced any part of articles and contents of this journal in any form or by any way, whether electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without permission in writing from the Chief Editor, Jurnal Syariah.
